The History and Philosophy of Sciences investigates the development, practices, and conceptual foundations of scientific, technological, and medical knowledge over time and in different cultural contexts. It combines historical analysis with philosophical reflection to understand how scientific knowledge is produced, disseminated, validated, and transformed in specific social, political, and intellectual contexts.

In this area, the work carried out at the Centro Interuniversitário de História das Ciências e da Tecnologia (CIUHCT) stands out. This centre is a benchmark in research and promotes internationally recognized interdisciplinary research on the history of science, technology, and medicine, reinforcing the link between advanced research and postgraduate training.

Historically oriented research examines scientific actors, instruments, institutions, and material and visual cultures, analyzing how knowledge production practices emerge from the interactions between local conditions and global dynamics. Particular attention is given to processes such as circulation, appropriation, and innovation, which shape the transmission and transformation of scientific ideas and practices across geographical and cultural boundaries.

The philosophy of science contributes by addressing the epistemological, methodological, and conceptual dimensions of scientific research. It explores questions concerning the nature of scientific explanation, evidence, models, and experimentation, as well as the norms, values, and assumptions underlying scientific practice. By integrating historical and philosophical perspectives, the field offers critical tools for understanding the interactions between science, society, politics, and culture, as well as the role of scientific knowledge in the construction of the modern and contemporary worlds.